Updated Mar-2024 Professional-Cloud-DevOps-Engineer Exam Practice Test Questions
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NEW QUESTION # 31
You are running an application in a virtual machine (VM) using a custom Debian image. The image has the Stackdriver Logging agent installed. The VM has the cloud-platform scope. The application is logging information via syslog. You want to use Stackdriver Logging in the Google Cloud Platform Console to visualize the logs. You notice that syslog is not showing up in the "All logs" dropdown list of the Logs Viewer. What is the first thing you should do?
- A. SSH to the VM and execute the following commands on your VM: ps ax I grep fluentd
- B. Verify the VM service account access scope includes the monitoring.write scope.
- C. Look for the agent's test log entry in the Logs Viewer.
- D. Install the most recent version of the Stackdriver agent.
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 32
Your development team has created a new version of their service's API. You need to deploy the new versions of the API with the least disruption to third-party developers and end users of third-party installed applications.
What should you do?
- A. Introduce the new version of the API.
Announce deprecation of the old version of the API.
Deprecate the old version of the API.
Contact remaining users of the old API.
Provide best effort support to users of the old API.
Turn down the old version of the API. - B. Introduce the new version of the API.
Contact remaining users of the old API.
Announce deprecation of the old version of the API.
Deprecate the old version of the API.
Turn down the old version of the API.
Provide best effort support to users of the old API. - C. Announce deprecation of the old version of the API.
Introduce the new version of the API.
Contact remaining users on the old API.
Deprecate the old version of the API.
Turn down the old version of the API.
Provide best effort support to users of the old API. - D. Announce deprecation of the old version of the API.
Contact remaining users on the old API.
Introduce the new version of the API.
Deprecate the old version of the API.
Provide best effort support to users of the old API.
Turn down the old version of the API.
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 33
Your company follows Site Reliability Engineering practices. You are the Incident Commander for a new.
customer-impacting incident. You need to immediately assign two incident management roles to assist you in an effective incident response. What roles should you assign?
Choose 2 answers
- A. Customer Impact Assessor
- B. External Customer Communications Lead
- C. Operations Lead
- D. Communications Lead
- E. Engineering Lead
Answer: C,D
Explanation:
Explanation
https://sre.google/workbook/incident-response/
"The main roles in incident response are the Incident Commander (IC), Communications Lead (CL), and Operations or Ops Lead (OL)." The Operations Lead is responsible for managing the operational aspects of the incident, such as deploying fixes, rolling back changes, or restoring backups. The External Customer Communications Lead is not a standard role in incident response, but it could be delegated by the Communications Lead if needed.
NEW QUESTION # 34
Your organization recently adopted a container-based workflow for application development. Your team develops numerous applications that are deployed continuously through an automated build pipeline to the production environment. A recent security audit alerted your team that the code pushed to production could contain vulnerabilities and that the existing tooling around virtual machine (VM) vulnerabilities no longer applies to the containerized environment. You need to ensure the security and patch level of all code running through the pipeline. What should you do?
- A. Configure the containers in the build pipeline to always update themselves before release.
- B. Reconfigure the existing operating system vulnerability software to exist inside the container.
- C. Implement static code analysis tooling against the Docker files used to create the containers.
- D. Set up Container Analysis to scan and report Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures.
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION # 35
Your company follows Site Reliability Engineering practices. You are the person in charge of Communications for a large, ongoing incident affecting your customer-facing applications. There is still no estimated time for a resolution of the outage. You are receiving emails from internal stakeholders who want updates on the outage, as well as emails from customers who want to know what is happening. You want to efficiently provide updates to everyone affected by the outage. What should you do?
- A. Focus on responding to internal stakeholders at least every 30 minutes. Commit to "next update" times.
- B. Provide periodic updates to all stakeholders in a timely manner. Commit to a "next update" time in all communications.
- C. Provide all internal stakeholder emails to the Incident Commander, and allow them to manage internal communications. Focus on providing responses directly to customers.
- D. Delegate the responding to internal stakeholder emails to another member of the Incident Response Team. Focus on providing responses directly to customers.
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 36
Your application images are built and pushed to Google Container Registry (GCR). You want to build an automated pipeline that deploys the application when the image is updated while minimizing the development effort. What should you do?
- A. Use a custom builder in Cloud Build to trigger Jenkins pipeline.
- B. Use Cloud Pub/Sub to trigger a custom deployment service running in Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE).
- C. Use Cloud Pub/Sub to bigger a Spinnaker pipeline.
- D. Use Cloud Build to trigger a Spinnaker pipeline.
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 37
You support an application deployed on Compute Engine. The application connects to a Cloud SQL instance to store and retrieve dat a. After an update to the application, users report errors showing database timeout messages. The number of concurrent active users remained stable. You need to find the most probable cause of the database timeout. What should you do?
- A. Determine whether there is an increased number of connections to the Cloud SQL instance.
- B. Use Cloud Security Scanner to see whether your Cloud SQL is under a Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attack.
- C. Use Stackdriver Profiler to visualize the resources utilization throughout the application.
- D. Check the serial port logs of the Compute Engine instance.
Answer: A
Explanation:
The most probable cause of the database timeout is an increased number of connections to the Cloud SQL instance. This could happen if the application does not close connections properly or if it creates too many connections at once. You can check the number of connections to the Cloud SQL instance using Cloud Monitoring or Cloud SQL Admin API .
NEW QUESTION # 38
Your team deploys applications to three Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE) environments development staging and production You use GitHub reposrtones as your source of truth You need to ensure that the three environments are consistent You want to follow Google-recommended practices to enforce and install network policies and a logging DaemonSet on all the GKE clusters in those environments What should you do?
- A. Use Google Cloud Deploy to deploy the DaemonSet and use Policy Controller to configure the network policies Use Cloud Monitoring to detect drifts from the source in the repository and Cloud Functions to correct the drifts
- B. Use Google Cloud Deploy to deploy the network policies and the DaemonSet Use Cloud Monitoring to trigger an alert if the network policies and DaemonSet drift from your source in the repository.
- C. Use Cloud Build to render and deploy the network policies and the DaemonSet Set up Config Sync to sync the configurations for the three environments
- D. Use Cloud Build to render and deploy the network policies and the DaemonSet Set up a Policy Controller to enforce the configurations for the three environments
Answer: C
Explanation:
Explanation
The best option for ensuring that the three environments are consistent and following Google-recommended practices is to use Cloud Build to render and deploy the network policies and the DaemonSet, and set up Config Sync to sync the configurations for the three environments. Cloud Build is a service that executes your builds on Google Cloud infrastructure. You can use Cloud Build to render and deploy your network policies and DaemonSet as code using tools like Kustomize, Helm, or kpt. Config Sync is a feature that enables you to manage the configurations of your GKE clusters from a single source of truth, such as a Git repository. You can use Config Sync to sync the configurations for your development, staging, and production environments and ensure that they are consistent.
NEW QUESTION # 39
You deploy a new release of an internal application during a weekend maintenance window when there is minimal user tragic. After the window ends, you learn that one of the new features isn't working as expected in the production environment. After an extended outage, you roll back the new release and deploy a fix. You want to modify your release process to reduce the mean time to recovery so you can avoid extended outages in the future. What should you do? (Choose two.)
- A. Integrate a code linting tool to validate coding standards before any code is accepted into the repository.
- B. Adopt the blue/green deployment strategy when releasing new code via a CD server.
- C. Configure a CI server. Add a suite of unit tests to your code and have your CI server run them on commit and verify any changes.
- D. Require developers to run automated integration tests on their local development environments before release.
- E. Before merging new code, require 2 different peers to review the code changes.
Answer: A,E
NEW QUESTION # 40
You support a production service that runs on a single Compute Engine instance. You regularly need to spend time on recreating the service by deleting the crashing instance and creating a new instance based on the relevant image. You want to reduce the time spent performing manual operations while following Site Reliability Engineering principles. What should you do?
- A. Add a Load Balancer in front of the Compute Engine instance and use health checks to determine the system status.
- B. Create a Stackdriver Monitoring dashboard with SMS alerts to be able to start recreating the crashed instance promptly after it has crashed.
- C. Create a Managed Instance Group with a single instance and use health checks to determine the system status.
- D. File a bug with the development team so they can find the root cause of the crashing instance.
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 41
Your team is designing a new application for deployment both inside and outside Google Cloud Platform (GCP). You need to collect detailed metrics such as system resource utilization. You want to use centralized GCP services while minimizing the amount of work required to set up this collection system. What should you do?
- A. Install an Application Performance Monitoring (APM) tool in both locations, and configure an export to a central data storage location for analysis.
- B. Import the Stackdriver Profiler package, and configure it to relay function timing data to Stackdriver for further analysis.
- C. Instrument the code using a timing library, and publish the metrics via a health check endpoint that is scraped by Stackdriver.
- D. Import the Stackdriver Debugger package, and configure the application to emit debug messages with timing information.
Answer: B
Explanation:
The easiest way to collect detailed metrics such as system resource utilization is to import the Stackdriver Profiler package, and configure it to relay function timing data to Stackdriver for further analysis. This way, you can use centralized GCP services without modifying your code or setting up additional tools.
NEW QUESTION # 42
Your product is currently deployed in three Google Cloud Platform (GCP) zones with your users divided between the zones. You can fail over from one zone to another, but it causes a 10-minute service disruption for the affected users. You typically experience a database failure once per quarter and can detect it within five minutes. You are cataloging the reliability risks of a new real-time chat feature for your product. You catalog the following information for each risk:
* Mean Time to Detect (MUD} in minutes
* Mean Time to Repair (MTTR) in minutes
* Mean Time Between Failure (MTBF) in days
* User Impact Percentage
The chat feature requires a new database system that takes twice as long to successfully fail over between zones. You want to account for the risk of the new database failing in one zone. What would be the values for the risk of database failover with the new system?
- A. MTTD:5
MTTR: 10
MTBF: 90
Impact 50% - B. MTTD:5
MTTR: 20
MTBF: 90
Impact: 33% - C. MTTD: 5
MTTR: 10
MTBF: 90
Impact: 33% - D. MTTD:5
MTTR: 20
MTBF: 90
Impact: 50%
Answer: B
Explanation:
https://www.atlassian.com/incident-management/kpis/common-metrics
https://linkedin.github.io/school-of-sre/
NEW QUESTION # 43
You are performing a semiannual capacity planning exercise for your flagship service. You expect a service user growth rate of 10% month-over-month over the next six months. Your service is fully containerized and runs on Google Cloud Platform (GCP). using a Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE) Standard regional cluster on three zones with cluster autoscaler enabled. You currently consume about 30% of your total deployed CPU capacity, and you require resilience against the failure of a zone. You want to ensure that your users experience minimal negative impact as a result of this growth or as a result of zone failure, while avoiding unnecessary costs. How should you prepare to handle the predicted growth?
- A. Because you are deployed on GKE and are using a cluster autoscaler. your GKE cluster will scale automatically, regardless of growth rate.
- B. Verity the maximum node pool size, enable a horizontal pod autoscaler, and then perform a load test to verity your expected resource needs.
- C. Because you are at only 30% utilization, you have significant headroom and you won't need to add any additional capacity for this rate of growth.
- D. Proactively add 60% more node capacity to account for six months of 10% growth rate, and then perform a load test to make sure you have enough capacity.
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 44
You are writing a postmortem for an incident that severely affected users. You want to prevent similar incidents in the future. Which two of the following sections should you include in the postmortem? (Choose two.)
- A. A list of employees responsible for causing the incident
- B. Copies of the design documents for all the services impacted by the incident
- C. Your opinion of the incident's severity compared to past incidents
- D. A list of action items to prevent a recurrence of the incident
- E. An explanation of the root cause of the incident
Answer: D,E
Explanation:
For a postmortem to be truly blameless, it must focus on identifying the contributing causes of the incident without indicting any individual or team for bad or inappropriate behavior.
NEW QUESTION # 45
You are developing a strategy for monitoring your Google Cloud Platform (GCP) projects in production using Stackdriver Workspaces. One of the requirements is to be able to quickly identify and react to production environment issues without false alerts from development and staging projects. You want to ensure that you adhere to the principle of least privilege when providing relevant team members with access to Stackdriver Workspaces. What should you do?
- A. Grant relevant team members read access to all GCP production projects. Create Stackdriver workspaces inside each project.
- B. Grant relevant team members the Project Viewer IAM role on all GCP production projects. Create Slackdriver workspaces inside each project.
- C. Create a new GCP monitoring project, and create a Stackdriver Workspace inside it. Attach the production projects to this workspace. Grant relevant team members read access to the Stackdriver Workspace.
- D. Choose an existing GCP production project to host the monitoring workspace. Attach the production projects to this workspace. Grant relevant team members read access to the Stackdriver Workspace.
Answer: C
Explanation:
"A Project can host many Projects and appear in many Projects, but it can only be used as the scoping project once. We recommend that you create a new Project for the purpose of having multiple Projects in the same scope."
NEW QUESTION # 46
You need to deploy a new service to production. The service needs to automatically scale using a Managed Instance Group (MIG) and should be deployed over multiple regions. The service needs a large number of resources for each instance and you need to plan for capacity. What should you do?
- A. Deploy the service in one region and use a global load balancer to route traffic to this region.
- B. Monitor results of Stackdriver Trace to determine the required amount of resources.
- C. Validate that the resource requirements are within the available quota limits of each region.
- D. Use the n1-highcpu-96 machine type in the configuration of the MIG.
Answer: C
Explanation:
Explanation
https://cloud.google.com/compute/quotas#understanding_quotas
https://cloud.google.com/compute/quotas
NEW QUESTION # 47
You use Cloud Build to build your application. You want to reduce the build time while minimizing cost and development effort. What should you do?
- A. Use Cloud Storage to cache intermediate artifacts.
- B. Use larger Cloud Build virtual machines (VMs) by using the machine-type option.
- C. Use multiple smaller build steps to minimize execution time.
- D. Run multiple Jenkins agents to parallelize the build.
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 48
You support an application running on App Engine. The application is used globally and accessed from various device types. You want to know the number of connections. You are using Stackdriver Monitoring for App Engine. What metric should you use?
- A. flex/connections/current
- B. tcp_ssl_proxy/open_connections
- C. flex/instance/connections/current
- D. tcp_ssl_proxy/new_connections
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 49
You support a service with a well-defined Service Level Objective (SLO). Over the previous 6 months, your service has consistently met its SLO and customer satisfaction has been consistently high. Most of your service's operations tasks are automated and few repetitive tasks occur frequently. You want to optimize the balance between reliability and deployment velocity while following site reliability engineering best practices.
What should you do? (Choose two.)
- A. Make the service's SLO more strict.
- B. Shift engineering time to other services that need more reliability.
- C. Change the implementation of your Service Level Indicators (SLIs) to increase coverage.
- D. Get the product team to prioritize reliability work over new features.
- E. Increase the service's deployment velocity and/or risk.
Answer: B,E
Explanation:
Explanation
(https://sre.google/workbook/implementing-slos/#slo-decision-matrix)
NEW QUESTION # 50
You are configuring the frontend tier of an application deployed in Google Cloud The frontend tier is hosted in ngmx and deployed using a managed instance group with an Envoy-based external HTTP(S) load balancer in front The application is deployed entirely within the europe-west2 region: and only serves users based in the United Kingdom. You need to choose the most cost-effective network tier and load balancing configuration What should you use?
- A. Premium Tier with a global load balancer
- B. Premium Tier with a regional load balancer
- C. Standard Tier with a regional load balancer
- D. Standard Tier with a global load balancer
Answer: B
Explanation:
The most cost-effective network tier and load balancing configuration for your frontend tier is to use Premium Tier with a regional load balancer. Premium Tier is a network tier that provides high-performance and low-latency network connectivity across Google's global network. A regional load balancer is a load balancer that distributes traffic within a single region. Since your application is deployed entirely within the europe-west2 region and only serves users based in the United Kingdom, you can use Premium Tier with a regional load balancer to optimize the network performance and cost.
NEW QUESTION # 51
Your team is designing a new application for deployment both inside and outside Google Cloud Platform (GCP). You need to collect detailed metrics such as system resource utilization. You want to use centralized GCP services while minimizing the amount of work required to set up this collection system. What should you do?
- A. Import the Stackdriver Profiler package, and configure it to relay function timing data to Stackdriver for further analysis.
- B. Install an Application Performance Monitoring (APM) tool in both locations, and configure an export to a central data storage location for analysis.
- C. Instrument the code using a timing library, and publish the metrics via a health check endpoint that is scraped by Stackdriver.
- D. Import the Stackdriver Debugger package, and configure the application to emit debug messages with timing information.
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 52
You support an application running on App Engine. The application is used globally and accessed from various device types. You want to know the number of connections. You are using Stackdriver Monitoring for App Engine. What metric should you use?
- A. flex/instance/connections/current
- B. tcp_ssl_proxy/open_connections
- C. flex/connections/current
- D. tcp_ssl_proxy/new_connections
Answer: C
Explanation:
https://cloud.google.com/monitoring/api/metrics_gcp#gcp-appengine
NEW QUESTION # 53
You support a high-traffic web application with a microservice architecture. The home page of the application displays multiple widgets containing content such as the current weather, stock prices, and news headlines. The main serving thread makes a call to a dedicated microservice for each widget and then lays out the homepage for the user. The microservices occasionally fail; when that happens, the serving thread serves the homepage with some missing content. Users of the application are unhappy if this degraded mode occurs too frequently, but they would rather have some content served instead of no content at all. You want to set a Service Level Objective (SLO) to ensure that the user experience does not degrade too much. What Service Level Indicator {SLI) should you use to measure this?
- A. A latency SLI: the ratio of microservice calls that complete in under 100 ms to the total number of microservice calls
- B. A freshness SLI: the proportion of widgets that have been updated within the last 10 minutes
- C. An availability SLI: the ratio of healthy microservices to the total number of microservices
- D. A quality SLI: the ratio of non-degraded responses to total responses
Answer: C
Explanation:
https://cloud.google.com/blog/products/gcp/available-or-not-that-is-the-question-cre-life-lessons
NEW QUESTION # 54
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